【www.fsgl168.com--科技】
Science and Techonology
Astronomy: De Nova Stella
天文学：新星诞生
Astronomers predict a Stella explosion will happenin 5 years time.
天文学家预测5年之内会发生一次星际爆炸
Amateur astronomers have a new date for their diaries.
对于业余天文学家们来说这是一个新篇章。
In 2022, in the constellation of Cygnus, they will be treated to the sight of a nova, or “newstar”.
2022年，他们将目睹天鹅座星系中出现的一颗新星，即“新见星”的场面。
Cygnus: 天鹅座
Nova: 新星
By themselves, novas are not particularly noteworthy.
对于他们来说，新星现象并不是特别显着的
Several dozen a year happen in Earth’s home galaxy, the Milky Way, alone. But this one will bespecial for two reasons.
仅就地球的母星系-银河系而言，每年都会出现几十次。但这一次将会格外特别是因为两个原因。
One is its intensity: provided you are somewhere reasonably dark (in the countryside, in otherwords, rather than a big city) it will be bright enough to be seen by the naked eye.
一个原因在于它的亮度：假若你在某些相当黑暗的地方（换言之，在乡村而不是大城市），那么以肉眼就能清楚地看见它；
Provided 此处用作连词，引导条件状语从句，表假设、如果
The second is that it will be the first nova whose existence was predicted before the fact.
第二个原因在于它将是第一个在被观测到之前它的存在就被被预测的新星。
Assuming everything goes according to schedule, the credit for that will belong to LawrenceMolnar, an astronomer at Calvin College, in Michigan, and his team,who have set out their predictions in a paper to be published soon in the AstrophysicalJournal.
如果一切顺利，这一成绩将属于密歇根州卡尔文学院的天文学家Lawrence Molnar以及他的团队，该团队已经在即将发表在“天体物理学杂志”上的一篇论文中提出他们的预测。
according to schedule指“按时间表”，意译为“顺利”
set out 出发；开始
Assuming 引导条件状语从句，表如果、假如
to..... 不定式作后置定语
It is a tale of scientific serendipity.,
这是科学探索过程中的一次意外惊喜。
Serendipity：意外新发现；巧事；机缘凑巧；
” Nova ”which is Latin for “ new ”, comes from the title of a book (also the title of this article) publishedin 1573 by Tycho Brahe, a Danish astronomer.
“Nova”一词在拉丁语中意为“新生的”，这个词来源于1573年，丹麦天文学家第谷·布拉赫（Tycho Brahe）发表的一本书的标题（也是文章的标题）。
This recorded what would now be called a supernova that had happened the year before.
在书中记录了一年前发生的现在被称为超新星的事。
what引导宾语从句
That 引导定语从句，修饰前面的“supernova”
By proving that the “ new star ” in question was a very great distance away
—at the least,further than the Moon—
Brahe dealt a mortalblow to the Aristotelian belief,
widespread in Europe
at the time, that the heavens were perfect and unchanging.
证明了这颗有待商榷的“新星”其实距离非常遥远，至少比月球的距离要远得多，这一观点对当时在欧洲普遍存在的亚里士多德学派造成了毁灭性的打击，即天是完美无缺、永恒不变的。
at the least至少
Dealt:这里是“造成.....后果”的意思
Mortal :<adj> 致命的; 不共戴天的; 终有一死的; 极度的; <n>凡人，人类
“By proving that......”这里by引导状语从句；that引导宾语从句
But the name is a misnomer.
Novas are not new stars.Rather, they are explosions that take place on existing ones, drastically but temporarilyincreasing their brightness.
但是，“新星”这个名称其实并不准确。新星并不是刚刚诞生的恒星，而是原有的恒星发生爆炸，亮度快速急剧增加。
Misnomer：误称
take place：发生
drastically：彻底地
temporarily ：临时地
“ that......”引导定语从句，修饰前面的“explosions”
There are several kinds, but Dr Molnar’ s nova will be caused when one member of a two starsystem collides with the other, causing an enormous and violent outpouring of energy.
They also found that the smaller star was orbiting more quickly—and thus closer to its biggercompanion
—than it had been when Dr Kinemuchi made her measurements.
新星的形成原因多种多样，而莫尔纳博士的新星的产生将是当两个星体系统中的一个成员与另一个星体碰撞时，造成巨量能量释放。他们同样发现了小恒星的轨道运行速度越来越快——并且因此越来越靠近大恒星，Kinemuchi博士当时也测量到了这一点。
collide with：与......相碰撞
Orbiting：轨道运行
“than it had been”：it had been 指小恒星过去的样子，意为“与它过去相比；比它过去”
‘when’引导时间状语从句
Further observations confirmed that the smaller star was indeed spiralling towards itscompanion.
进一步的观察证实，小的恒星的确在逐渐地向大的恒星靠拢。
Spiralling： 盘旋上升
Based on observations of another contact binary, V1309 Scorpii, which became a nova in 2008,
the researchers were able to offer a prediction of the time of impact that, they hope, shouldbe accurate to within about seven months.
(The most likely date is a fifth of the way through 2022—ie, mid-March.)
基于对另外的相接双星的观察，天蝎座v1309是2008年出现的新星，研究人员能够对碰撞时间做出预测，他们希望能够精确到7个月以内。（最可能的日期是2022年的五分之一处，即三月的中旬）
contact binary：相接双星
Successfully predicting a nova will be of interest to more than just amateur skywatchers.
成功地预测新星将会比仅仅是业余天空观察者有趣。
be of interestto=be interesting to 意为“有趣的”
Astronomers have built mathematical models to describe what happens during such events, but testing them against reality is hard.
天文学家们已经建立了数学模型来描述在新星出现期间会发生的事情，但是在没有现实依据的情况下证实它们是困难的。
All previous novas have been detected after the fact.
以往的所有新星都是在出现之后才开始进行检测。
Anyone wanting to study what happens before the explosion must
therefore sift back through old observations,
hoping that some information about the prenova star will have beenrecorded by chance.
因此，任何想要研究在爆炸之前发生了什么的人必须筛选旧的观察记录，希望找到在恒星变成新星之前能有一些偶然记录下的信息。
by chance：偶然
“wanting......”现在分词做定语，修饰前面的“anyone”
Armed with Dr Molnar’ s prediction, though, astronomers will be
able to watch the build-up aswell as the denouement.
尽管有了Molnar博士的预测，天文学家们将能够像已经知道结果了一样观测聚集物。
Denouement: 结局
附原文：
【经济学人】即将诞生一个“星视界”|2017.01.14|总第781期
Astronomerspredict a Stella explosion will happen in 5 years time.
Amateur astronomers have a new date for their diaries.In 2022, in the constellation of Cygnus, they will be treated to the sight of a nova, or “newstar”.
By themselves, novas are not particularly noteworthy.Several dozen a year happen in Earth’s home galaxy, the Milky Way, alone.
But this one will be special for two reasons.
One is its intensity: provided you are somewhere reasonably dark (in the countryside, in otherwords, rather than a big city) it will be bright enough to be seen by the naked eye.The second is that it will be the first nova whose existence was predicted before the fact.
Assuming everything goes according to schedule, the credit for that will belong to LawrenceMolnar, an astronomer at Calvin College, in Michigan, and his team,who have set out their predictions in a paper to be published soon in the AstrophysicalJournal.
It is a tale of scientific serendipity.
” Nova ”which is Latin for “ new ”, comes from the title of a book (also the title of this article) publishedin 1573 by Tycho Brahe, a Danish astronomer.
By proving that the “ new star ” in question was a very great distance away—
at the least,further than the Moon—
Brahe dealt a mortalblow to the Aristotelian belief, widespread inEurope at the time, that the heavens were perfect and unchanging.
But the name is a misnomer. Novas are not new stars.
Rather, they are explosions that take place on existing ones, drastically but temporarilyincreasing their brightness.
There are several kinds, but Dr Molnar’ s nova will be caused when one member of a two-
starsystem collides with the other, causing an enormous and violent outpouring of energy.They also found that the smaller star was orbiting more quickly—and thus closer to its biggercompanion—
than it had been when Dr Kinemuchi made her measurements.
Further observations confirmed that the smaller star was indeed spiralling towards itscompanion.
Based on observations of another contact binary, V1309 Scorpii, which became a nova in 2008,the researchers were able to offer a prediction of the time of impact that, they hope, shouldbe accurate to within about seven months.
(The most likely date is a fifth of the way through 2022—ie, mid-
March.)
Successfully predicting a nova will be of interest to more than just amateur
skywatchers.Astronomers have built mathematical models to describe what happens during such events, but testing them against reality is hard.
Astronomers have built mathematical models to describe what happens during such events，but testing them against reality is hard.All previous novas have been
detected after the fact.
Anyone wanting to study what happens before the explosion must therefore sift back throughold observations, hoping that some information about the prenova star will have beenrecorded by chance.
Armed with Dr Molnar’ s prediction, though, astronomers will be able to
watch the build-up aswell as the denouement.
掌舵人生 掌握第3个8小时
TimeForExtra
（第3个8小时）